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2005 Governor’s Conference for Women Fad or Fact? Confusions & Confessions about Healthy Diets:  2005 Governor’s Conference for Women Fad or Fact? Confusions andamp; Confessions about Healthy Diets Eleanor B. Pella, M.S., R.D., L.D.N. Public Health Nutrition Consultant Pennsylvania Department of Health Fad or Fact?Presentation Outline:  Fad or Fact? Presentation Outline What FACTS do we know about our diets? What FACTS do we know about our health? What FADS are beneficial, hope or hype? What FUNCTIONAL FACTS can you use to evaluate diets and health? What is your response to social marketing advertisements? Slide3:  FAD or FACT?Confusion & Confessions about Diets:  FAD or FACT? Confusion andamp; Confessions about Diets What is your goal or objective? Vanity andamp; Physical Looks Health andamp; Quality of Life FACT :  FACT DIAITA (dye-eh-shah) A manner of LIVING: Live to EAT Or Eat to LIVE FACTWebster’s Definition of HEALTH :  FACT Webster’s Definition of HEALTH Sound mind, body andamp; spirit Freedom from physical disease Flourishing condition Pennsylvania FACTWhat we know about our diets:  Pennsylvania FACT What we know about our diets FIVE of the leading causes of death in Pennsylvania are related to food and lifestyle choices. Heart Disease Cancer Diabetes Hypertension Stroke Pennsylvania FACTWhat we know about our health:  Pennsylvania FACT What we know about our health 61% of adults in Pennsylvania are overweight with a Body Mass Index (BMI) andgt; 25 24% of those adults are obese with a BMI andgt; 30 Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Pennsylvania Department of Health, 2004. Pennsylvania FACTWhat we know about available healthy foods:  Pennsylvania FACT What we know about available healthy foods There were 43,870 acres of fresh produce harvested in Pennsylvania in 2003. There are 31,628 eating and drinking establishments in Pennsylvania. There are 166 Farmer’s Markets in Pennsylvania. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Health, 2003 Pennsylvania FACTWhat we know about people’s intake:  Pennsylvania FACT What we know about people’s intake Most adults need at least 3.5 cups of colorful fruits and vegetables a day to meet their nutritional needs. 75% of adult Pennsylvanians do not eat the recommendation of 5 servings of fruits and vegetables a day. Research FACTWhat we know about satiety:  Research FACT What we know about satiety Studies indicate that the VOLUME of food people eat is what makes them feel full and stop - not the calorie content of the food. Source: Rolls, B.J., et all. (2004) Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 104,1570-1576. Popular Diets:  Popular Diets Dr. Atkins’ Diet Revolution andamp; Atkins for Life Dr. Dean Ornish – Eat More, Weigh Less Dr. Phil McGraw’s Ultimate Weight Loss South Beach Diet Weight Watchers Popular DietsThat have faded into history:  Popular Diets That have faded into history Barry Sears: The Zone Beverly Hills Diet Eat-To-Win Pritikin Program Rotation Diet Scarsdale Diet FACT and FAD:  FACT and FAD Number of gastric bypass surgeries performed in the United States 1998: 13,365 2002: 72,177 2005: 100,000 (estimated) FACTWeight Loss:  FACT Weight Loss National Weight Control Registry Established: 1993 Investigators: Dr. James Hill andamp; Dr. Rena Wing Criteria: 30 pound weight loss for at least 1 year Enrolled: 4,500 participants There are as many ways to get HEALTHY (as there are people in this room):  There are as many ways to get HEALTHY (as there are people in this room) What WAY will work for YOU? Medical FACT Body Mass Index (BMI):  Medical FACT Body Mass Index (BMI) Scientific SCREENING tool to estimate RISK of chronic disease Physical FACT LOVE HANDLES:  Physical FACT LOVE HANDLES Non-scientific tool to estimate EXCESS body fat Physical FACTSHAKE, WAIT & WATCH:  Physical FACT SHAKE, WAIT andamp; WATCH Non-scientific BRAVE way to face reality of health risks FACTBody Mass Index (BMI):  FACT Body Mass Index (BMI) Classifications: Underweight: andlt; 19 Healthy Weight: 19-24 (LEAST HEALTH RISK) Overweight : 25-29 Obese: 30-40+ Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) There’s more to health than the bathroom scales or your BMI:  There’s more to health than the bathroom scales or your BMI How often do you swim, dance, or walk? Remember the TV ad about WEALTH?We make money the old fashion way. We earn it.:  Remember the TV ad about WEALTH? We make money the old fashion way. We earn it. Can the same be said of HEALTH? We get health the old fashion way. We work for it. Are we willing to work for health now?:  Are we willing to work for health now? Or are we too busy??? Do you have time to be UNHEALTHY? FACT Low Carbohydrate (CHO) Diets:  FACT Low Carbohydrate (CHO) Diets 1825: Jean Brillat-Savarin 'The Physiology of Taste' French father of gastronomy 1863: William Banting Undertaker Letter on Corpulence 1870: Siege of France 1870 Diabetics (Type 1) improve Word for dieting in England : banting FACT Biology and human starvation :  FACT Biology and human starvation 1944: Ancel Keys develops 'K' rations 1950: Ancel Keys’ Biology of Human Starvation Conscientious Objectors 1200 calories/day FACT The History of the Atkins Diet:  FACT The History of the Atkins Diet 1972: The Atkins Diet 1990: The Atkins Revolution 2002: Atkins for Life FACT:  FACT 10 out of 10 humans bodies prefer CARBOHYDRATE as the fuel of choice FACTVoted BEST by Humans:  FACT Voted BEST by Humans Carbohydrate (CHO) – BEST fuel source; clean and efficient Protein (PRO) – BEST repair service Fat (FAT) – BEST insulation and energy reserve FACTHomeostasis Plan A (when there is CHO):  FACT Homeostasis Plan A (when there is CHO) Brain and central nervous system (CNS) require CHO/glucose for energy source Red blood cells require CHO/glucose for energy (no mitochondria!) FACT Homeostasis Plan B (when there is not enough CHO):  FACT Homeostasis Plan B (when there is not enough CHO) Overall game plan: SURVIVAL Body uses PRO or FAT for energy FAT requires CHO to break it down When no CHO is available, the body uses KETONES FACTA minimum of 50-100 grams of CHO is needed each day to SPARE Protein. :  FACT A minimum of 50-100 grams of CHO is needed each day to SPARE Protein. Not all CHO are created equal. The VALUE is in the wholeness. FACTWhat foods make for health:  FACT What foods make for health WHOLE Grains Green, orange, red andamp; blue/purple VEGGIES andamp; FRUIT Fiber PLANT fats Legumes FACTWhat makes good health :  FACT What makes good health Moderation Balance Exercise FACT Everyday Healthy Choices:  FACT Everyday Healthy Choices National campaign American Cancer Association American Diabetes Association American Heart Association Everyday Healthy ChoicesProtect yourself from yourself.:  Everyday Healthy Choices Protect yourself from yourself. Eat right. Exercise. Don’t smoke. Contact Information:  Contact Information Eleanor B. Pella, M.S., R.D., L.D.N. Public Health Nutrition Consultant Pennsylvania Department of Health 717-346-3979 [email protected] www.health.state.pa.us Have faith in fiber! Thank you for your time!